1. Which of the following occurs when a small group of individuals leaves a population and establishes a new one in a geographically isolated region?
A. genetic drift
B. founder effect
C. bottleneck effect
D. natural selection

2. A fruit fly population has a gene with two alleles, A1 and A2. Tests show that
70% of the gametes produced in the population contain the A1 allele. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what proportion of the flies carry both A1 and A2?
A.0.21
B. 0.421
C. 0.49
D. 0.70

3.Which statement best describes a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
A. Allele frequency does not change in large populations.
B. Allele frequency will change over time in large populations.
C. Recessive alleles eventually disappear in large populations.
D. Dominant alleles become more prevalent in small populations.

4. Sardinella tawilis gets separated from the rest of the saltwater sardine population in Balayan bay due to the eruption of Taal volcano. These fish now confined to the freshwater Taal lake begin to start a new population. What genetic mechanism is being described in the given situation?
A. genetic drift
B. founder effect
C. bottleneck effect
D. sympatric speciation

5. Which of the following populations is prone to change over time?
A. small population
B. migrating population
C. Ramdomly mating population
D. population with no mutation