Learning Task 1:
Answer the following questions.
1. What is an ecosystem? What are examples of diverse ecosystem?
- An ecosystem is a geographic area where the plants,animals and other organisms,as well as weather and landscape,work together to form a bubble of life. Forests,desert, grasslands and streams are the examples of diverse ecosystem.
2. What is a rainforest? Why is rain forest known as the lungs of the earth?
- Rainforests are characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforests are often called the “lungs of the planet” because they generally draw in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen.
3. What are the major parts of the rainforest? Describe each.
- Most rainforests are structured in four layers: emergent (The top layer of a rain forest), canopy (Beneath the emergent layer), understory (Several meters below the bottom of the canopy), and forest floor (the lowest layer where it is dark, hot, and damp). Each layer has unique characteristics based on differing levels of water, sunlight, and air circulation.
4. What are coral reefs? Where are they found? Why are they important to marine lives?
- Coral reefs are reefs composed of a large colony of corals including the stony skeletons of both living and dead corals. They are found throughout the oceans, from deep, cold waters to shallow, tropical waters. Coral reefs provide an important ecosystem for life underwater, protect coastal areas by reducing the power of waves hitting the coast, and provide a crucial source of income for millions of people.
5. What are the different types of coral reefs. Describe each.
- The three main types of coral reefs are fringing, barrier, and atoll.
- The most common type of reef is the fringing reef. This type of reef grows seaward directly from the shore. They form borders along the shoreline and surrounding islands.
- A barrier reef is a fringing reef that is separated from the mainland or the island by a deep lagoon. This type of reef is formed when the fringing reefs slowly combine with each other and form a borderline along the coast.
- An atoll is a ring-shaped coral reef, island, or series of islets. An atoll surrounds a body of water called a lagoon. Sometimes, atolls and lagoons protect a central island. Channels between islets connect a lagoon to the open ocean or sea. Atolls develop with underwater volcanoes, called seamounts.
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