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In all living things, DNA is essential for inheritance, coding for proteins, and providing instructions for life and its processes. DNA dictates how a human or animal develops and reproduces, and eventually dies. Human cells normally contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes in each cell. Studying human DNA and genetics can help scientists better understand where humans came from as a species. In some cases, a person's genome can give clues to his personal ancestry and help him understand his genealogy. Genetic testing has been used to verify or rule out relatedness of individual persons or populations.
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