Answer:
1.The Philippines, under the Spanish rule was treated no more than a mere colony. As a colony, Filipinos had limited rights. What he wanted, or at least what the Propaganda Movement was fighting for, was that the Filipinos should have a representative in the Spanish parliament, that friars be replaced with Filipinos, that Filipinos be given the freedom of assembly and expression, and that Filipinos and Spaniards be equal before the law.
Rizal wanted Spain to recognize Philippines as a province. With a representative in the Spanish parliament, the country would definitely have a voice and probably a chance to progress, or even develop as a nation. This is what I think at least.
It was not that Rizal never wanted a nation and that he simply wanted Philippines to be part of Spain. What he wanted was a platform where a nation can be built.
During his time, Philippines, although geographically recognized, was nothing more than an archipelago composed of tribes or clans or groups of people who didn’t share idealogies. They may have wanted independence, but everything after which was probably not even drafted yet.
Without a defined set of ideals on what a nation has to be, even after the recorded independence in 1898, we simply bowed to another colonizer. There we attempts to reclaim the republic, but without unity as a nation, and even a clear idea of what a nation is, it was bound to fail.
I think, it was not that Rizal wanted Philippines to be part of Spain. It was probably that he knew what the country needed before it could claim independence. Spain had the tools so we could figure out how to progress if we wanted to be a nation. I suppose he was fighting for that space where Filipinos, rich or poor, mestizo or “indio”, may have access to these tools, so that a nation is someday realized.
2.Pakikisama is a typical trait of a Filipino, in its simplest sense meaning “getting along with others” 1. Pakikisama entails a genuine intrinsic appreciation of togetherness. Group harmony and unity is valued 2. People want to get along rather than stand out.
