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The Ilongot are a forest people that live in Nueva Vizcaya Province in Luzon. Also known as the Ibilao, Ibilaw, Ilungut, Ilyongt, Lingotes, they are former headhunters and live in an enclave and have resisted attempts to assimilate them. [Source: Encyclopedia of World Cultures, East and Southeast Asia edited by Paul Hockings (G.K. Hall & Company, 1993)]
The Ilongot are primarily in slash-and-burn agriculturalist, hunters and fishermen. They grow maize, manioc, rice, tobacco, sugar and vegetables and moves their fields once a year. Fields cleared from virgin forest are used for five years and left fallow for eight years. The men hunt with dogs several times a week and all meat is shared equally among the all households and consumed immediately. Sometimes longer hunting trips take place. Here the meat is dried. Fish are taken with nets, traps, spears and poison.
The Ilongot also collect forest products such as rattan for their own use and to trade, forge their own knives, picks and hoes. Item they obtain through trade include bullets, cloth, knives, liquor and salt. Much of the trading is done to obtain goods for bride payments.
Traditional Ilongot religion revolves around helpful and dangerous supernatural beings. Illnesses is believed to be caused by supernatural beings who lick or urinate on their victims. Shaman preside over curing ceremonies, and spirits are kept away by bathing, smoking and sweeping. Before the 1950s, when Protestants missionaries arrived in their homelands, the Ilongot had never been exposed to major world religions. Now many are evangelical Christians.
The Ilongot are buried in a sitting position. If a woman died in childbirth or experienced a violent death her hands tied to her feet to prevent her "ghost" from roaming.
Explanation:
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