Solution:
Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of Na₃PO₄.
molar mass = (22.99 g/mol × 3) + (30.97 g/mol × 1) + (16.00 g/mol × 4)
molar mass = 163.94 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the percentage composition of Na₃PO₄.
General Formula:
[tex]\text{percent composition} = \frac{\text{atomic mass of an element × number of atoms in a compound}}{\text{molar mass of compound}} × 100[/tex]
For %Na
[tex]\text{\%Na} = \frac{\text{22.99 g/mol × 3}}{\text{163.94 g/mol}} × 100[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\text{\%Na = 42.07\%}}[/tex]
For %P
[tex]\text{\%P} = \frac{\text{30.97 g/mol × 1}}{\text{163.94 g/mol}} × 100[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\text{\%P = 18.89\%}}[/tex]
For %O
[tex]\text{\%O} = \frac{\text{16.00 g/mol × 4}}{\text{163.94 g/mol}} × 100[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{\text{\%O = 39.04\%}}[/tex]
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